Wrench.



P. 0. PETTERSON.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED 050.1. 1914.

1,147,340. v Patented Ju1 20', 1915. q a f g I I wfrmilswza' 1 .Z'A/I/EAZTOR:

an mate.

OTTO EETTERSON, OF GALEEsBURGr, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF T0 WILLIAM 'i 7 THO URREEN, OF GALESBUBG, ILLINOIS.

WRENCH.

of Galesburg, in the county of Knox and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of pivoted hand-grip wrenches which are provided with a removable head.

The principal objectof the invention is to provide a wrench of the character recited which isadapted for use as a plpe-wrench, as a inonkey-wrenclnand as a general pur-,

pose wrench.

Itis another object to simplifyandgenerally improve the construction and to increase the capacity, utility and efliciency of wrenches of this type, without sacrificing any of their advantages.

Minor ob ects will presently appear some of these will be obvious, while otherswill be specifically .pointed out. a A preferredembodiment and a modification of the invention are illustrated in the accoinpanyin'gdrawings, in which the several eleinents'and the constituent parts thereof are each designated by a distinguishing referenoe'numeral, primes etc. being included.

in the modification to indicate parts correspending to those in the principal views.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is, a longitudinal section, partly in elevation, showing the invention embodied in the best form now known to me; Fig. 2, an elevation, partly-in section and partly broken away, of the same structure shown in Fig. 1, but the parts in I different relative positions fromthose there shown and the spring 28 omitted; Fig. 3, a modification, an "elevation, partly broken away; and Fig. 4, a detail of parts shown in Fig. 3 but shownas in different relative positions. 7

Coming now to a detailed description of said drawings, 2 indlcates a relatively stationary' handle-member, U-shaped in cross section to provide a channel 2*. Onitsback Specification'of Letters Patent. Patented J 1 7 2Q, 1915, Application filed December- 7, 1914. Serial No. 875,892.

it. is providedwith a pocket 3 having an aperture for a purpose presently described. Its rear end is preferably closed in the manner indicated at 4,. and near its fore end it is provided with. corresponding pairs of cars 55 and 66,'these being in parallellsm.

leasing spring fixed at 8 to the element 2.

.9 designates a pivoted, rotatable jaw, havingpreferably one toothed and three plane faces, all of which faces areoperative. The character of-these is of course optional and may be changed at will. 10 designates a suitable pivot, such. as a bolt or a rivet 'by means of which the jaw 9 is mounted between the ears 5. It is to be noted that the 7 designates a normally bowed shank-re- I serrated or toothed face of the jaw 9 is oblique to each of the others, and that there is preferably a slight clearance between the jaw and the shank, presently described, to provide for extreme freedom of inovemen of the latter.

11. designates a jaw or head, its operative face provided with teeth. 12 designates a shank, cast orforged integral therewith and provided on its. back edge with rack-teeth 13. ,This member 1112 I shall for the purposes hereof term a jaw-headed shank. let designates a scale. 15 designates the pivoted relatively movableineinber of the handle; Q It is preferably U-shaped in cross'sec-tion except at its ends, the rear one of'which is closed after the fashion shown at 16 andthe forwardone of which is provided with a cam-face 17 anda plane face 18. A pivot pin 19 or the like; extends through the fore end of the member 15 and through registeringapertures in the ears. 6. -The ob ect of making the member 15 U-shaped in cross section is twofold; the surface presented to the operators hand is circular or arciform, and the sides or cheeks principal figure except that it has no pocket 3. The elements 9, 10, 11 and 12 are substantially identical with the elements 9, 10, ll and 12.

15 designates the pivoted handle menibcr, its fore end pivoted at 19 between the ears 6 and provided with a cam face 17 and a tripping face 23.

24 indicates a locking dog pivoted at 25 between the ears 6 and provided with a rack-face 26 which is presented to the rackface 13 of the shank 12 and which in this construction is arranged on the front edge thereof. The trip end of the dog is indicated by 27.

28 indicates a .jawdnclining spring secured at 29 to one of the ears 5.

I shall first describe the operation of the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Assume the parts to be in the relative positions shown in Fig. 2. In this position the spring '7 has expanded to its normal position (after the user has freed the handle member 15) and thus freed the teeth 13 from the teeth 30. Simultaneously it has tilted the rear portion of the jaw -headed shank 1112 to the inclined position shown. In this position the plane face 18 of the gripping-handle head will rest securely thereon and have no tendency to fly about. The teeth of the head 11 will be inclined from the axial plane of the element 2. Also, the jaw 9 will be inclined in the opposite direction. The element 11-12 being freely slidable in the channel 2 its head may be brought firmly against a nut, pipe, bolt or other object against which the jaw 9 has already been placed, whereupon the handle member 15 is brought down to the position shown in Fig. 1, wherein the cam 17 has borne upon the shank 12 to throw the rack teeth of the latter into engagement with the rack teeth 30. The element 1112 is thus immovable relatively to any other one, and the article grasped is held with extreme security. Iter lease may be made merely by the operator releasing his grip, whereupon the spring 7 will act on the shank l2 and thereby the handle member 15 to free both. It will be clear that when the element 1112 is withdrawn from its channel, or removed, the j aw 9 may be rotated to bring into operative position either of its faces, and when so withdrawn said element 11-12 may be used as a hammer.

To operate the modified construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4- the user will raise the free or rear end 16 of the handle member 15 which, rocking on its fulcrum 19' will throw its fore end 23 down onto the trip end of the dog 2%, and as the latter rocks on its fulcrum 25 its toothed portion or rack 26 will be freed from the rack 13', whereupon, there being nothing to bind or frictionally contact the shank 12 it may be adjusted freely in its channel in the U-shaped element 2. After the object operated upon has been grasped between the jaws 9 and 12, in the same manner as hereinbefore described, the operator will force the handle member 15 to the closed position shown in Fig. 3, thereby forcing the cam face 17 against the heel portion of the dog 24: and the teeth 26 into engagement with those on the shank 12 to lock thejaws firmly on the held object. The spring 28 contacts the jaw 9' below the pivotal point of the latter and will therefore tilt the jaw into the position shown in Fig. 3, or backward, which position is most desirable for grasping pipes, bolts, and other objects circular in cross section.

The wrench may be manipulated with extreme ease and facility; it may be used as a pipe, bolt, or monkey wrench; it is durable and strong; any of its parts or elements which become broken or inoperative may be readily replaced; it is relatively light in weight and convenient to handle; there are no bothersome projections from its sides to strike other objects and prevent a long rotary stroke or a continuity of such; there are no threads to strip, wear or slip; it may be preadjusted by means of the scale; it is economic of manufacture, and when the element 11-12 is extended, a correspondingly longer handle and greater leverage results.

It has not been thought best to encumber this specification and the accompanying drawings with descriptions and illustrations of additional modifications which are neither essential to nor form any part of the invention. In fact, it is apparent without such that numerous changes may be made in the details of construction, by modifications involving merely mechanical skill, without departing from the spirit. and scope of the invention, viewed in its broadest aspect. All this will be indicated in the claim hereof, wherein the omission of an element or the non-inclusion of reference to the detail features of the elements recited is intended to be a formal declaration of the fact that the omitted elements or features are not essential to the invention covered by that claim.

Therefore, without limiting myself to particularities except where such are distinctly indicated, I claim as new the following, towit:

In a wrench, in combination, a relatively stationary and a relatively movable handle member both of which are channeled, the

channel of each confronting that of the other, the movable member having a camshaped end, means for pivoting said end between the cheeks of the other member, a

rack-faced locking element fixed in the stationary member, a jaw-headed shank slidably and tiltably mounted inthe stationary member and having a rack edge adapted to engage said locking element, a rotatable jaw pivoted between the checks of the stationary member, said cam-face resting on the shank and adapted to force the rack-edge thereof into engagement with said locking element when the movable handle member is swung open on its pivot, and a spring fixed in the channel of the stationary member and adapted to tilt the rear end ofthe shank out of the channel thereof, out of engagement with said locking element and into position 10 to be easily grasped.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each by addressing the Washington, D. G. v

Witnesses.

PER OTTO PETTERSON. Witnesses:

H. M. RICHARDS, C. S. RICHARDS.

Commissioner) of Patents, 

